Fujian ICH: Chinese traditional architectural craftsmanship for timber-framed structures

The Chinese traditional architectural craftsmanship for timber-framed structures is a comprehensive construction technology system that uses wood as the primary building material.

It incorporates traditional techniques such as mortise and tenon joints and employs modular design methods. Serving as a representative of ancient Eastern architectural technology, this tradition boasts a history of over 7,000 years, spreading throughout China and influencing other East Asian countries like Japan and South Korea.

Inscribed in October 2009 on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, it is a world-class intangible cultural heritage item.

A significant component of this heritage is the Minnan traditional residential construction techniques found in Quanzhou city in Fujian province. These techniques have a history of over 1,000 years.

The craftsmanship is divided into several trades, including large timber work, small timber work, tile work, brick and stone work, painting, decorative painting, and sculpting, with large timber work being the core trade.

Craftsmen specialize according to these trades, with large timber craftsmen at the center. The residences predominantly feature red brick as the main color, complemented by white stone, blue stone, and natural wood tones, creating an architectural style that is both elegant and lively, rich in Eastern charm.

Minnan traditional residences are a blend of Central Plains culture and the spirit of Minnan maritime culture. The most typical example of this blend is the "Imperial Palace Style" official mansion. This style represents the democratization of palace architectural techniques, the practical application of decorative arts, and the embodiment of Minnan cultural values.

These structures, rich in historical and cultural significance, are common throughout Quanzhou. They feature various layouts such as three-bay and five-bay, and elements like protective wings, protruding halls, symmetrical sides, and horizontal expansions. The depth of these residences varies, with configurations ranging from two to five courtyards. Notable examples include the nationally protected Cai Qian Ancient Residence in Nan'an and the Former Residence of Yang AMiao in Licheng district.