The “State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution”, located at the Kunming Institute of Zoology, was established on the basis of the previous “Key laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution” of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which was established in 1990. The lab has gained world-wide recognition in the research fields of Genetic Resource Collection and Conservation, Human Origin and Migration, Origin of Primate Cognition, Origin of New Genes and the Genetic Diversity of Domestic Animals.